Re: PI staining live cells

From: Kelly Hardwicke (kellyh@pinga.salk.edu)
Date: Fri May 07 1999 - 12:56:10 EST


On Fri, 07 May 1999, you wrote:
>Hello everyone,
>
>Sraboni here. I'm new to the mailing list and a graduate student. I'd be
>grateful for any experience/thoughts/ideas on the following:
>
>I'm using a FACScan to do a promoter readout assay with GFP, which I
>transfect by electroporation in a megakaryocytic cell line. As an intrinsic
>readout for rate of transfection my electroporation medium has 5. 10 -6 M
>propidium iodide, the reasoning being that in a population gated for live
>cells only those that reseal their membranes after the electroshock will be
>PI positive. The problem is that in the condition where cells haven't been
>tansfected but still kept in PI overnight, the live cell population has
>about 1% PI positive cells.
>The Molecular Probes catalogue says that PI is intact membrane impermeable,
>so live cells should not be stained at all. If, as someone here says, these
>cells are necrotic, shouldn't they become smaller than viable cells and
>move to the left on the FCS axis?
>
>My question is: why are some live cells staining positive for PI? Could
>anyone suggest another marker I could use as an intrinsic transfection
>indicator which could be excited by an argon laser?
>
>
I may be misunderstanding your question, but it seems to me that you are using
FSC and SSC to determine whether your cells are live or not.  (You say that 1%
of "live cells" are PI-positive, and since you haven't said that you are using
any other viability stain, I've assumed you are gating away the debris and
aggregate tails from your FSC/SSC plot to find your "live" population.)  PI is
a much more accurate indicator of cell viability/membrane permeability than the
FSC/SSC plot.  I personally have seen many cases where a "dead" cell exhibits
similar FSC and SSC characteristics as  live cell, possibly for any one of a
number of reasons.  For one thing, FSC only correlates directly to particle
size if the particle is completely spherical, which most cells are not.  In
summary, I would believe the PI-status of a cell over FSC readings when
determining viability.
Kelly Hardwicke
Flow Cytometry Assistant
Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA



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