Re: Normal range Gamma delta in childhood

From: Karel Drbal (drbal@leuko.biomed.cas.cz)
Date: Fri Aug 20 1999 - 10:08:22 EST


Hi Stan,
one should clearly distinguish between two major human gamma/delta T
cell subpopulations: based on the V delta gene segment usage they
express Vdelta1 or Vdelta2 chains. Their tissue localization as well as
age dependent changes are virtually reciprocal.
In peripheral blood Vd1 gd T cell level drops down after the age of one
year and vice versa for Vd2 cells (see J.Exp.Med. 171:1597; also from
the Brenner's lab comes the recent important paper dealing with a new
group of Vd2 T cell's ligands- Immunity 11:57, there you can find a
summary for their values during different infectious diseases, the mean
is 8-60% of peripheral blood T cells). Vd2 cells are the major
peripheral blood subpopulation of gd T cells. Vd1 are predominant in the
thymus and epithelia. Anyway, Vd2 T cell subset variation in the
population is very high as pointed out by previous reply. Typically it
has been published that 'normal' values are up to 10%, most people
having less than 3% of all blood T cells (still this should be the
largest uniform population in our bodies recognizing the very same
ligands). But you can easily find levels up to 80% of all peripheral
blood T cells in apparently healthy donors, I call them healthy patients
- there should be something unusual with their immune system. Of course
the widespread localization of Vd2 T cell's ligands (small nonpeptidic
molecules: alkyl phosphates and alkyl amines are basic bacterial and
plant metabolites) predicts these cells to play an important role in the
innate immunity as well as to become an interesting target for vaccine
development. I think that constitutive antigenic challenge in the group
of people having higher numbers of Vd2 cells might protect them better
from bacterial infections. On the other hand: is it possible to
distinguish between harmless stimulation and potentially harmful,
inapparent infection based on the Vd2 cell number?
Hope this helps,
-- 
Karel Drbal
Laboratory of Leukocyte Antigens
Institute of Molecular Genetics
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
Videnska 1083
142 20 PRAHA 4
Czech Republic, Europe
voice:  +420-2-4752589
fax:    +420-2-44472282
home:   +420-2-360016
e-mail: drbal@leuko.biomed.cas.cz
WWW:    http://leuko.biomed.cas.cz


"Ress, S, Stan, Dr" wrote:
> 
> Hi all,
> 
> Does anyone have normal range values for gamma-delta subset from
> birth to adulthood?
> 
> I checked ISAC Leukocyte ref data on their site: reference is made to
> Clin Immunol + immunopath 1994 70, 152-8,  but from the abstract, I
> was unclear if GD+ subset was included.
> 
> Any help appreciated.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Stan
> 
> Stanley Ress
> Head: Clinical Immunology laboratory
> Department of Medicine
> H47 Old Main Building-room 26
> Groote Schuur Hospital and UCT
> Observatory 7925
> Cape Town
> South Africa
> TEL:INTERN. + 2721-4066201 or 4066197
> FAX:   "    + 2721-4486815
> e-mail:  SRESS@uctgsh1.uct.ac.za



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